Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan
type: channel
description: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan was first established in 2025. The journal is managed by the Research and Community Service Institute (LPPM) of Mohammad Husni Thamrin University. The Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan published two editions in one year (Mei and November). The journal is dedicated to publishing scientific works produced by students in the field of health sciences. It provides an academic platform for undergraduate and postgraduate students to share research findings, innovative ideas, and practical experiences that contribute to the development of health knowledge and practice. Since 2025, submitted papers must be written in English or Bahasa Indonesia for an initial review stage by editors and further review process by a minimum of two anymous reviewers. Journal Title Initials Frequency DOI ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) Editor-in-Chief Publisher : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan : JRIK : Biannualy (Mei and November) : 10.37012 : : : Ir. Yohanes Bowo Widodo, M.Kom : LPPM Universitas Mohammad Husni Thamrin
publisher: Universitas Mohammad Husni Thamrin
language: en-US
publication name: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Kesehatan
items: Factors Related to Unsafe Behavior among Offset Printing and Lamination Production Workers at PT DNP Indonesia
items: Analysis of Factors Related to Compliance Behavior of High-rise Building Construction Workers in Using Personal Protective Equipment
items: The Relationship Between Work Posture and Other Factors with Musculoskeletal Complaints in Hip Porters
items: The Relationship between Work Factors and Non-Work Factors on Work Stress of Satpol PP Officers in Cipayung District
items: The Relationship between Supervision and Individual Characteristics on Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) by Workers at Heights on the JAPEK Toll Road Project, Bekasi
items: Analysis of Predisposing and Driving Factors of Unsafe Actions by Operational Workers at the Tanjung Priok Port Passenger Terminal
items: Analysis of the Relationship between Characteristics and Other Factors with Work Stress in Construction Workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta
items: Factors Related to Operational Worker Compliance in the Implementation of K3 Procedures at the Tanjung Priok Port Passenger Terminal
items: The Relationship between Worker Characteristics and Other Factors with Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) among Construction Workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta
items: Factors Related to and Contributing to Eye Fatigue in Computer Users of the Directorate of Human Resources Development, Ministry of Manpower, Republic of Indonesia in 2025
items: Factors Related to Compliance with the Implementation of SOPs for Working at Heights among Construction Workers on Project B in South Jakarta
items: Factors Related to Unsafe Behavior of East Jakarta City PPSU Officers
items: Implementation of Office Occupational Health and Safety Standards Based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 48 of 2016 at the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department
items: Factors Associated with Low Back Pain Complaints in Civil Servant Workers in East Jakarta City
items: Factors Associated with Needlestick Injuries at Ananda Hospital Bekasi
items: Factors Related to Work Stress in Teachers at SMPN X Jakarta
items: The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Individual Characteristics with Fitness Levels in Employees of the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department
items: The Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Safety Driving Behavior of Drivers at PT Bundamedik
items: Factors Associated with Low Back Pain (LBP) Complaints in Service Staff at Harapan Kita Hospital, Jakarta
items: Factors Related to Work-Life Balance at PT. X in South Jakarta in 2025
items: The Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction, Anxiety, and Stress and Insomnia in Undergraduate Students of Public Health, Mh Thamrin University
items: https://journalthamrin.com/index.php/jrik/article/view/3018
items: Implementation of a Fire Emergency Response System At Menteng Mitra Afia Hospital Central Jakarta 2025
items: Factors Associated with Work Fatigue (Burnout) Among Employees in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of JEC Eye Hospital Menteng Jakarta in 2025
items: The Influence of Leaflet Media on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior in Correct Cable Arrangement among Employees of the Health Directorate of PT APLN Jakarta
items: The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Symptoms of Occupational Skin Diseases in Civil Servant Workers in East Jakarta Administrative City in 2025

Factors Related to Unsafe Behavior among Offset Printing and Lamination Production Workers at PT DNP Indonesia
type: item
description: Workplace accidents are generally caused by two main factors, namely unsafe conditions and unsafe worker behaviors. This study aims to identify the factors associated with unsafe behaviors among production workers in the offset printing and lamination area at PT DNP Indonesia in 2025. The research design applied a quantitative approach with an analytical cross-sectional method. The study population consisted of all 35 workers in the offset printing and lamination production area, all of whom were included as research samples using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations, then analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed significant relationships between age (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.046), training (p = 0.000), supervision (p = 0.022), and reward & punishment (p = 0.000) with unsafe behavior. Meanwhile, no significant relationships were found between knowledge (p = 0.149) and compliance with PPE use (p = 0.086) and unsafe behavior. It is recommended that the company improve supervision, provide comfortable and standardized PPE, and deliver continuous guidance so that workers are more consistent in implementing safe work practices.
creator: Nazwa Fatimah
creator: Ajeng Setianingsih
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nazwa Fatimah, Ajeng Setianingsih, Budi Santosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 1
ending page: 13
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2927

Analysis of Factors Related to Compliance Behavior of High-rise Building Construction Workers in Using Personal Protective Equipment
type: item
description: The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) plays a crucial role in preventing workplace accidents, particularly in the high-risk construction sector. However, worker non-compliance is still common and contributes to the high accident rate. Individually, workers who do not use PPE correctly and consistently are more vulnerable to the risk of workplace accidents such as injuries, serious injuries, health problems due to exposure to hazardous materials, and even death (Hakim & Febriyanto, 2020). A preliminary study on the BRI Ragunan Information Technology (IT) Center development project, Package 2 in 2025, showed that some workers did not use PPE according to standards. This study aims to analyze factors related to PPE compliance among construction workers. The study design was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach, involving 68 respondents selected using Simple Random Sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that knowledge (p=0.035), education level (p=0.013), and length of service (p=0.022) were associated with PPE compliance. Meanwhile, age (p=1.000), attitude (p=0.113), availability of PPE (p=0.288), and OHS supervision (p=1.000) did not show a significant relationship. This finding confirms that compliance is not only supported by regulations and facilities but is also influenced by individual understanding and awareness. Companies are advised to strengthen OHS education, mentor new workers, and enhance persuasive supervision strategies to build a culture of occupational safety.
creator: Cinta Faeruziani Putri
creator: Ajeng Setianingsih
creator: Hafsha Athira Radam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Cinta Faeruziani Putri, Ajeng Setianingsih, Hafsha Athira Radam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 14
ending page: 25
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2929

The Relationship Between Work Posture and Other Factors with Musculoskeletal Complaints in Hip Porters
type: item
description: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that more than 1.71 billion people worldwide experience musculoskeletal problems that impact productivity and quality of life, with 619 million cases of low back pain in 2020 predicted to increase to 843 million by 2050. Porters are one of the informal sector workers vulnerable to musculoskeletal complaints due to repetitive manual handling activities with heavy loads. This study aims to determine the relationship between work period, work posture, repetition, work duration, and workload with musculoskeletal complaints in porters at Kramat Jati Main Market, East Jakarta. This type of study is quantitative with a cross-sectional design, involving 56 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The research instrument used the Nordic Body Map (NBM) to identify musculoskeletal complaints and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) to assess the risk of work posture. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the majority of respondents experienced moderate musculoskeletal complaints (66.1%). There was a significant correlation between length of service (p=0.010), work posture (p=0.002), and workload (p=0.043) with musculoskeletal complaints. Meanwhile, age, repetition, and work duration were not associated with musculoskeletal complaints. In conclusion, musculoskeletal complaints are influenced by length of service, work posture, and workload. Preventive efforts should focus on controlling work posture, limiting lifting loads, and providing regular health checks for workers with long working periods.
creator: Karina Anggia Rahmawati
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Karina Anggia Rahmawati, Dwi Wahyuni, Budi Santosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 26
ending page: 36
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2941

The Relationship between Work Factors and Non-Work Factors on Work Stress of Satpol PP Officers in Cipayung District
type: item
description: Job stress is one of the psychological problems that can affect performance, especially in professions facing high pressure. This study aims to identify the relationship between job stress and work factors (role conflict, interpersonal conflict, and work demands) and factors outside of work (economic level, family conflict, and personal factors) in Satpol PP members in Cipayung District. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The number of respondents involved was 38 people obtained through the total sampling method. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire via Google Form, then analyzed using univariate statistical tests (descriptive) and Chi Square tests. The results of the Chi Square test from work factors are role conflict variables (p = 0.000), interpersonal conflict variables (p = 0.002), and work demands variables (p = 0.035). As well as from factors outside of work, namely economic level variables (p = 0.003), family conflict variables (p = 0.018), and personal factors variables (p = 0.018). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that both work-related and non-work-related factors have a significant relationship to work stress in the Public Order Agency (Satpol PP). It is hoped that the agency can manage work demands and responsibilities, improve effective communication among members, and provide social support to reduce work stress levels.
creator: Vienta Andini Febriana
creator: Inggit Meliana Anggarini
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Vienta Andini Febriana, Inggit Meliana Anggarini, Budi Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-09
publication date: 2025-09-09
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 37
ending page: 43
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2937

The Relationship between Supervision and Individual Characteristics on Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) by Workers at Heights on the JAPEK Toll Road Project, Bekasi
type: item
description: Working at heights, particularly in the construction sector, is considered a high-risk activity if not accompanied by adequate occupational safety practices. Compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as full-body harnesses, safety helmets, safety vests, and safety shoes, is an important step to prevent workplace accidents. Workplace accidents among workers at heights remain a challenge, one of which is due to a lack of compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This study aims to determine the relationship between supervision and individual characteristics with compliance with the use of PPE among workers at heights in Zones 2A and 2B of the Jakarta–Cikampek Toll Road Project, Bekasi. An observational analytical study design with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in July–August 2025. A sample of 76 respondents was obtained through total sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-square test (p < 0.05) and Odds Ratio (OR). The results showed a significant relationship between supervision (p = 0.002; OR = 5.943), knowledge (p = 0.038; OR = 0.320), attitude (p = 0.013; OR = 3.868), age (p = 0.013; OR = 3.868), education (p = 0.024; OR = 3.353), and length of service (p = 0.026; OR = 3.674) with compliance with PPE use. Conclusion: supervision and individual characteristics are significantly related to compliance. Suggestion: management needs to add K3 supervisors, improve PPE training, foster positive worker attitudes, and consider individual factors in worker development.
creator: Salwa Kurnia Zahirah
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Salwa Kurnia Zahirah, Dwi Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-10
publication date: 2025-09-10
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 44
ending page: 52
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2947

Analysis of Predisposing and Driving Factors of Unsafe Actions by Operational Workers at the Tanjung Priok Port Passenger Terminal
type: item
description: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a critical global issue as it directly relates to worker protection, productivity, and economic sustainability. According to a 2021 report by the International Labour Organization (ILO), there are more than 250 million workplace accidents annually, 160 million workers experience occupational diseases, and 1.2 million work-related deaths (Alfiana et al., 2024). Unsafe behavior (unsafe actions) is a dominant factor causing workplace accidents in port environments. Unsafe actions often arise due to a lack of knowledge, unfavorable attitudes, and other predisposing factors such as age, gender, education level, and length of service. This study aims to determine the factors associated with unsafe actions among operational workers at PT Pelindo Regional 2 Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. The type of research used is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The sample size was 61 respondents selected using a total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire distributed via Google Form, with data analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.001), attitude (p=0.003), and compliance (p=0.002) with unsafe behavior. Meanwhile, the variables of education (p=0.255), length of service (p=0.500), training (p=0.981), supervision (p=0.573), and regulation (p=0.981) did not show a significant relationship with unsafe behavior. It was concluded that knowledge, attitude, and compliance are important factors influencing unsafe behavior in the port work environment.
creator: Bintang Maharani
creator: Inggit Meliana Anggarini
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Bintang Maharani, Inggit Meliana Anggarini, Budi Santosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-10
publication date: 2025-09-10
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 53
ending page: 67
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2946

Analysis of the Relationship between Characteristics and Other Factors with Work Stress in Construction Workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta
type: item
description: Work stress is an occupational health issue that is increasingly receiving global attention because it impacts worker productivity and well-being. The Labor Force Survey (LFS) of work-related stress cases in America in 2020 reported 828,000 cases of work-related stress in the industrial sector. In the Cilangkap Construction Company, Jakarta, the stress level is also reflected in the drastic decrease in the number of workers, from 177 to 60 workers gradually in the past month. This is thought to be caused by the increasingly heavy mental burden if workers continue their work, so they choose to quit or not continue their employment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between characteristics and other factors with work stress in Cilangkap Construction Company, Jakarta 2025. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach and analytical quantitative research type. Data analysis uses the Chi-Square Test for bivariate analysis. There is a relationship between workload (p = 0.013), financial difficulties (p = 0.032), and length of service (p = 0.027) with work stress. There was no correlation between age (p=0.553) and education level (p=0.388) and work stress. The majority of construction workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta, experience work stress, influenced by workload, financial difficulties, and length of service. Companies need to pay attention to workload management, provide financial support, and create a healthy work environment to reduce worker stress levels.
creator: Aqlina Dwi Ajeng Nuraini
creator: Trisna Budy Widjayanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aqlina Dwi Ajeng Nuraini, Trisna Budy Widjayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-11
publication date: 2025-09-11
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 68
ending page: 77
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2949

Factors Related to Operational Worker Compliance in the Implementation of K3 Procedures at the Tanjung Priok Port Passenger Terminal
type: item
description: Worker compliance reflects how well individuals follow company regulations, procedures, and standards. Compliance is shown by following written procedures to ensure tasks are done effectively, efficiently, and safely. The level of worker compliance is influenced by predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors. Based on this, this study aims to determine the factors related to compliance with the implementation of OHS procedures among operational workers at the PT Pelabuhan Indonesia Regional 2 Tanjung Priok Passenger Terminal. This study uses a quantitative cross-sectional design. The sample used was 61 respondents. Data analysis using the chi-square test. The results of this study showed a relationship between knowledge (p= 0.001), attitude (p= 0.031), motivation (p= 0.044), and training (p= 0.001) with compliance with the implementation of OHS procedures. And there is no relationship between education factors (p=0.374), length of service (p=0.264), supervision (p=0.931), regulations (p=0.238) with compliance with the implementation of OHS procedures. Researchers recommend that companies provide refresher materials and updates on OHS information for workers with long service periods and hold regular counseling to build a work safety culture. And management needs to have the courage to reprimand employees to always comply with and obey OHS standard operating procedures (SOP).
creator: Putri Alifvia Sugianto
creator: Inggit Meliana Anggarini
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Alifvia Sugianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-11
publication date: 2025-09-11
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 78
ending page: 88
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2944

The Relationship between Worker Characteristics and Other Factors with Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) among Construction Workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta
type: item
description: Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a global issue that remains a major challenge for the employment sector. Based on data from the International Labor Organization (ILO), approximately 2.78 million workers worldwide die annually due to occupational diseases or accidents. Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a crucial aspect in construction projects, particularly in relation to the low use of personal protective equipment (PPE), which increases the risk of occupational accidents. This study aims to analyze the relationship between worker characteristics (age, education), knowledge, attitudes, and other factors (availability of PPE and supervision) with PPE compliance among construction workers in Cilangkap, Jakarta in 2025. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires with 60 workers. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test showed that education (p=0.025), knowledge (p=0.000), and attitudes (p=0.000) had a significant relationship with PPE compliance. Meanwhile, the variables of age (p=0.642), availability of PPE (p=0.643), and supervision (p=1.000) were not related to compliance with PPE use. The results of this study recommend that companies place more emphasis on the education, knowledge, and attitude of workers through brief pre-work briefings (toolbox meetings), regular training with direct practice methods, provision of visual educational media, and the formation of positive attitudes through a culture of mutual reminders among workers to improve work safety.
creator: Odila
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Odila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-11
publication date: 2025-09-11
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 89
ending page: 100
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2954

Factors Related to and Contributing to Eye Fatigue in Computer Users of the Directorate of Human Resources Development, Ministry of Manpower, Republic of Indonesia in 2025
type: item
description: Eye fatigue, according to medical science, is a symptom caused by excessive effort by the visual system, which is in a less than perfect condition, to achieve visual acuity. Symptoms of eye fatigue include pain or throbbing around the eyes, blurred vision, double vision, difficulty focusing, sore eyes, red eyes, watery eyes, headaches, and dizziness accompanied by nausea. This study was quantitative using a cross-sectional research design. The sample in this study was 51 employees. The purpose of the study was to identify several factors related to and resulting in eye fatigue among computer users at the Directorate of Binalavogan, Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia. Research data were obtained using a questionnaire to determine the occurrence of subjective eye fatigue. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine the description of each variable, while bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between the independent variables (refractive disorders, eye rest, monitor distance, and lighting levels). The results of this study indicate that the majority of computer users experience eye fatigue. In addition, there is a relationship between lighting levels and the occurrence of eye fatigue with a P value of 0.023 and the lighting level variable has an OR value of 30.00. To reduce the incidence of eye fatigue in employees, the suggestion put forward for agencies is to provide adequate lighting for computer work areas, namely 300 Lux and to conduct regular eye examinations for employees.
creator: Rafi Adnan Ghafari
creator: Suhermi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rafi Adnan Ghafari, Suhermi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-12
publication date: 2025-09-12
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 101
ending page: 110
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2951

Factors Related to Compliance with the Implementation of SOPs for Working at Heights among Construction Workers on Project B in South Jakarta
type: item
description: Compliance describes a person's awareness and willingness to follow the rules and social norms that exist in their environment. Worker compliance with standard operating procedures (SOPs) for working at height is an important factor in preventing work accidents. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to compliance with the implementation of SOPs for working at height among construction workers. The study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 150 workers, and using the Slovin formula calculation, a sample of 120 respondents was obtained. Data were collected using questionnaires that were analyzed univariately and bivariately with the Chi-square test. The results showed that variables related to compliance were attitude (p = <0.001), knowledge (p = <0.001), motivation (p = <0.001), training (p = <0.001), availability of PPE (p = 0.048), and the physical environment (p = 0.001). Meanwhile, the variables of age (p = 1.000), education level (p = 1.000), and supervision (p = 0.194) were not related to worker compliance. Project management is advised to adjust tasks to age and physical condition, use visual media for safety education, provide practical training or simulations in simple language, optimize supervision through reward and punishment programs, conduct regular toolbox meetings, and improve communication with appropriate directions and reprimands to improve worker compliance with SOPs.
creator: Rahmah Habibah
creator: Petrus Geroda Beda Ama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmah Habibah, Petrus Geroda Beda Ama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-12
publication date: 2025-09-12
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 111
ending page: 128
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2953

Factors Related to Unsafe Behavior of East Jakarta City PPSU Officers
type: item
description: Occupational safety and health (K3) is a global issue that remains a serious concern, given the high number of workplace accidents and occupational diseases worldwide. Unsafe behavior is an action that carries risks and can threaten the safety of oneself or others, as well as risk causing accidents. Data from the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (Employment Social Security Agency) shows a significant increase in the number of workplace accidents in October 2024, with 356,383 cases recorded. DKI Jakarta alone recorded 29,008 cases of workplace accidents. This study aims to determine the relationship between factors related to unsafe behavior among PPSU officers in East Jakarta City. This quantitative study involved 146 respondents of PPSU officers in East Jakarta City. Data were collected through questionnaires and will be analyzed univariately and bivariately using Chi-Square. The study was conducted in June-August 2025. The results showed a relationship between attitude (p=0.001), motivation (p=0.001), availability of PPE (p=0.003), length of service (p=0.048), supervision (p=0.000) and unsafe behavior. Variables not related to unsafe behavior were age (p=0.352), knowledge (p=0.843), education level (p=1.000), and training (p=0.300). PPSU officers are expected to increase awareness of the importance of PPE, report near misses and equipment damage, and receive supervision as a protective measure. Companies need to ensure adequate PPE and provide appreciation to increase employee motivation, thereby maintaining safety and performance.
creator: afifah rahma gupita
creator: Petrus Geroda Beda Ama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 afifah rahma gupita, Petrus Geroda Beda Ama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-13
publication date: 2025-09-13
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 129
ending page: 144
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2955

Implementation of Office Occupational Health and Safety Standards Based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 48 of 2016 at the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department
type: item
description: A healthy, safe, and comfortable work environment supports employee productivity and well-being. However, the implementation of office OHS according to Ministerial Regulation No. 48 of 2016 at the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department has not been fully optimal, with problems such as inadequate lighting, the absence of evacuation signs, the absence of emergency simulations, and ergonomic facilities that are not fully appropriate. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Office OHS Standards based on Ministerial Regulation No. 48 of 2016 at the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department in 2025. Based on information collected from BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, the number of work accidents that occurred throughout 2023 reached more than 315 thousand cases. The study used a qualitative case study approach with 5 informants selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, FGDs, observations, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively interactively through data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results show that the implementation of occupational safety, occupational health, environmental health, and ergonomics has been running with good employee awareness. The implementation of K3 shows a compliance of 69% with occupational safety, 75% with occupational health, 75% with environmental health, and 83% with ergonomics. Several aspects that need to be improved include supervision, near-miss reporting, training and emergency response personnel, cable management, first aid kits, lighting, vector control, and occupational health awareness programs. The Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department is expected to improve supervision, K3 training, emergency facilities, lighting, ventilation, cable management, vector control, and employee health awareness.
creator: Elvi LLR Pardede
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Elvi LLR Pardede https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-18
publication date: 2025-09-18
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 145
ending page: 160
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2931

Factors Associated with Low Back Pain Complaints in Civil Servant Workers in East Jakarta City
type: item
description: Low Back Pain (LBP) or lower back pain is a complaint of pain that appears in the back area, from below the ribs to the lumbosacral (around the tailbone). In Indonesia, LBP is also a fairly high occupational health issue. One group of workers at high risk of experiencing LBP is PPSU officers. This study aims to identify factors related to LBP complaints in PPSU officers in East Jakarta City. The type of research used is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples in this study was 146 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that of the nine variables studied, four variables were proven to have a relationship with LBP complaints, namely excessive muscle stretching (p-value = 0.032), repetitive activities (p-value = 0.044), unnatural work posture or work position (p-value = 0.052), and physical fitness (p-value = 0.019). Four variables were not associated with LBP complaints: Age (p-value = 0.141), Gender (p-value = 0.697), BMI (p-value = 0.785), and Length of Service (p-value = 0.000). Therefore, PPSU officers in East Jakarta are advised to maintain proper work posture and regularly stretch and exercise to reduce the risk of LBP.
creator: Afifah Salwa Lutfiah
creator: Petrus Geroda Beda Ama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Afifah Salwa Lutfiah, Petrus Geroda Beda Ama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-17
publication date: 2025-09-17
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 161
ending page: 178
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2959

Factors Associated with Needlestick Injuries at Ananda Hospital Bekasi
type: item
description: Occupational accidents in hospitals, particularly needlestick injuries (NSIs), are a common problem for healthcare workers. Globally, approximately 3 million healthcare workers experience NSIs each year, with nearly half occurring in analysts and nurses. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with NSIs among analysts at Ananda Hospital, Bekasi. The study used a quantitative, observational, and analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The variables studied included age, length of service, education level, injection safety, and compliance with SOPs. The analysis showed that those aged ≥30 years had a lower risk of needlestick injury than those aged 20–29 years (p = 0.004; OR = 0.319). Workers with higher education also had a lower risk (p = 0.000). Similarly, those with ≥5 years of service were associated with a lower risk compared to those with <5 years of service (p = 0.005; OR = 0.358). Injection safety (p = 0.000; OR = 0.169) and SOP compliance (p = 0.000; OR = 0.161) significantly reduced the risk of NSI. Conversely, gender was not significantly associated (p = 0.229). The study concluded that improving training, occupational safety awareness, SOP compliance, and providing adequate facilities are crucial for reducing the risk of NSI in hospitals.
creator: Raisa Amieni
creator: Suhermi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Raisa Amieni, Suhermi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-23
publication date: 2025-09-23
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 179
ending page: 192
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2988

Factors Related to Work Stress in Teachers at SMPN X Jakarta
type: item
description: Job stress is a global phenomenon experienced by many workers in various sectors. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that work-related stress can affect physical and psychological health, as well as workforce productivity. Teachers play a crucial role in improving the quality of education, but often face work demands that can potentially cause stress. Job stress in teachers can be triggered by high workloads, role conflict, an unsupportive work environment, and minimal social support. This study aims to determine the factors associated with job stress among teachers at SMPNi X Jakarta in 2025. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design on 45 respondents selected through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) and analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 66.7% of teachers experienced job stress. Bivariate analysis found that role conflict had a significant relationship with job stress (p = 0.002; OR = 11.227; 95% CI: 2.127–59.262). Meanwhile, workload (p = 0.660), social support (p = 0.800), and work environment (p = 0.063) were not significantly related to job stress. It can be concluded that role conflict is a dominant factor influencing teacher job stress, so efforts to manage roles and clearly distribute tasks are needed to reduce stress levels.
creator: Dea Deliyana
creator: Suhermi
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dea Deliyana, Suhermi, Dwi Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-25
publication date: 2025-09-25
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 193
ending page: 201
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2985

The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Individual Characteristics with Fitness Levels in Employees of the Central Jakarta Health Sub-Department
type: item
description: Occupational health focuses not only on preventing accidents and occupational diseases, but also on maintaining physical fitness so that employees remain healthy and productive. Physical fitness is defined as the body's ability to perform daily activities without excessive fatigue and still have energy reserves. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and individual characteristics (age, gender, exercise habits) with the fitness level of employees of the Central Jakarta Health Sub-agency. The background of this study is the results of the Employee Fitness Test in May 2024 which showed that the majority of employees were in the sufficient and insufficient categories, with a fairly high prevalence of overweight and obesity. The study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design on 45 samples from 89 employees. Secondary data were obtained from the results of the Health History Screening and Fitness Test of Central Jakarta Health Sub-agency Employees in May 2025. Univariate analysis was used to describe the distribution of variables, while Bivariate Analysis (Spearman Test) was used to see the relationship between variables. The results showed a significant relationship between nutritional status, age, gender, and exercise habits with fitness levels. It was concluded that overnutrition and lack of physical activity were the main factors in low fitness. The research recommendations are to provide balanced nutrition education, implement increased physical activity/routine exercise and strengthen occupational health programs in the agency environment.
creator: Santi Candrawati
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Santi Candrawati, Dwi Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-26
publication date: 2025-09-26
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 202
ending page: 216
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3007

The Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Safety Driving Behavior of Drivers at PT Bundamedik
type: item
description: Transportation plays an important role in community development and mobility; however, it also contributes to problems such as the increasing number of traffic accidents. The lack of implementation of safety driving practices and the low awareness and concern for safe driving are contributing factors, thereby necessitating safety driving training to enhance drivers’ knowledge, discipline, and compliance with traffic regulations. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and perception with safety driving behavior among ambulance and operational vehicle drivers at PT Bundamedik Tbk in 2025. This research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 35 drivers. Date collected were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed that out of the three variables studied, two had a significant relationship with safety driving behavior: knowledge (p-value = 0.016) and attitude (p-value = 0.001). Meanwhile, one variable, perception, did not show a significant relationship (p-value = 0.533). Therefore, drivers need to improve their knowledge, adjust their behavior, and increase their awareness of safety by avoiding risky actions that may endanger themselves and others while driving.
creator: Fachrul Shidiq
creator: Suhermi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fachrul Shidiq, Suhermi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-29
publication date: 2025-09-29
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 217
ending page: 224
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3011

Factors Associated with Low Back Pain (LBP) Complaints in Service Staff at Harapan Kita Hospital, Jakarta
type: item
description: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal disorder frequently experienced by workers, particularly those in non-ergonomic working conditions and those performed over long periods of time. This complaint can reduce productivity, work efficiency, and the quality of life of workers, particularly healthcare workers who face significant physical strain in carrying out their daily tasks. This study aims to analyze factors associated with the incidence of LBP among healthcare workers at Harapan Kita Hospital, Jakarta. The study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was determined based on predetermined inclusion criteria, while data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed directly to respondents. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between research variables. The variables studied included non-ergonomic working positions, age, gender, smoking habits, exercise habits, and length of service. The results showed that only non-ergonomic working positions were significantly associated with LBP (p-value 0.000). Meanwhile, age (p=0.285), gender (p=0.771), smoking habits (p=0.968), exercise habits (p=0.750), and length of service (p=0.771) did not have a statistically significant relationship. Thus, non-ergonomic posture and working position are major risk factors for LBP. Preventive measures can be implemented through ergonomics training, restructuring the work environment, and regular and ongoing health education to enable service personnel to work in safer, healthier, and more ergonomic postures.
creator: Aprilia Widyastuti
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Aprilia Widyastuti, Dwi Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 225
ending page: 236
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3020

Factors Related to Work-Life Balance at PT. X in South Jakarta in 2025
type: item
description: The issue of work-life balance imbalance is a significant challenge in the modern workplace. The high prevalence of stress and depression among workers, particularly in DKI Jakarta, highlights the urgency of understanding the factors that influence work-life balance. This study aims to specifically analyze the factors affecting work-life balance at PT. X. This quantitative research, with a cross-sectional design, involved all 50 employees from the Benefit Service Reward section at PT. X in South Jakarta as the sample (total sampling). Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test to examine the relationship between the independent variables (personality, workload and working hours, and work flexibility) and the dependent variable (work-life balance). The research results show that the majority of respondents (64%) have a balanced work-life balance. There is a significant relationship between personality and work-life balance (p-value = 0.000), where a "poor" personality increases the risk of imbalance by up to 15,000 times. A significant relationship was also found between workload and working hours with work-life balance (p-value = 0.019), with a 5,111 times greater risk of imbalance for employees with an "insufficient" workload. Work flexibility also has a significant relationship with work-life balance p-value = 0.000), where good flexibility increases the chances of a balanced work-life balance by up to 17.857 times. This study concludes that the factors of personality, workload and working hours, and work flexibility significantly affect the work-life balance of employees at PT. X. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the company enhance work flexibility policies, ensure a fair workload, and consider self-development programs to improve the personality aspects of employees. For future researchers, it is suggested to broaden the scope of research by adding more variables, a larger sample size, and more diverse resea…
creator: Nurlaila
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
creator: Inggit Meliana Anggarini
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nurlaila, Dwi Wahyuni, Inggit Meliana A https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 237
ending page: 246
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3014

The Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction, Anxiety, and Stress and Insomnia in Undergraduate Students of Public Health, Mh Thamrin University
type: item
description: Insomnia is a sleep disorder that makes it difficult for someone to fall asleep or stay asleep. As a result, sufferers feel dissatisfied with the time and quality of their sleep. This study aims to determine the relationship between smartphone addiction, anxiety, and stress with the incidence of insomnia in undergraduate students of Public Health, MH Thamrin University, Class of 2025. This study used a quantitative method, which is descriptive and analytical with a cross-sectional design. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between addiction, anxiety, and stress with insomnia (p < 0.05). A survey in the United States showed that of 1,409 individuals with insomnia, 318 people were reported to have died, and 118 of them were caused by cardiopulmonary disease. Insomnia itself is generally divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute insomnia lasts from several days to several weeks, while chronic insomnia lasts more than three weeks. Various things can trigger insomnia, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. In addition, side effects of drugs, poor diet, caffeine or nicotine consumption, and lack of physical activity can also be the cause. In Indonesia, the prevalence of insomnia in individuals aged 19 years and above reaches 43.7%. A study showed that of a total of 5,293 respondents, 20.9% reported having experienced an accident at home, 10.1% experienced an incident at work, 9% had fallen asleep while driving, and 4.1% had been involved in a traffic accident.
creator: Agni Arivana Dewi
creator: Ajeng Setianingsih
creator: Dwi Wahyuni
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 agni arivana dewi, Ajeng Setianingsih, Dwi Wahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 247
ending page: 255
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3013

https://journalthamrin.com/index.php/jrik/article/view/3018
type: item
title: Analysis of Work Posture and Employee Characteristics Regarding Musculoskeletal Disorders in Employees of the Directorate General of Workplace Management Using the Rosa Method (Rapid Office Strain Assessment) South Jakarta
description: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are a common occupational health problem in residential environments, especially non-ergonomic employee work postures being one of the main risk factors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work posture and employee characteristics with MSDs complaints in employees at the Directorate General of Binalavotas. This study uses a quantitative design with a Cross-Sectional method. The population of this study was all employees in 2 directorates of the Directorate General of Binalavotas, totaling 93 employees who were all sampled as research using a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and observations that will be analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Measurement of work posture using the ROSA (Rapid Office Strain Assessment) method, while MSDs complaints were measured using the NBM (Nordic Body Map) questionnaire. The results of the study showed a significant relationship between work posture (p = 0.031) and age (p = 0.023) with MSDs complaints. Meanwhile, there was no relationship between gender (p = 0.210) and length of service (p = 0.060) with MSD complaints. In this study, work posture and age were the dominant factors contributing to MSD complaints. Institutions are advised to hold socialization programs that focus on ergonomic education through the utilization of existing office facilities and the formation of supervisory officers to conduct routine checks and direct improvements to employee ergonomic work positions.
creator: Kholip Patun Nisa
creator: Suhermi
creator: Akhmad Fatwa Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 kholip patun nisa, Suhermi, Akhmad Fatwa Abdullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-03
publication date: 2025-10-03
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 256
ending page: 268
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3018

Implementation of a Fire Emergency Response System At Menteng Mitra Afia Hospital Central Jakarta 2025
type: item
description: Hospitals are institutions that provide services in the health sector in the service sector. Hospitals are one type of public building that is required to implement steps to secure fire hazards. Based on NFPA, it shows that between 7 to 8 million people worldwide have experienced a fire incident. Menteng Mitra Afia Hospital, Central Jakarta is one of the buildings that has the potential for fire hazards. This study aims to determine the Implementation of the Fire Emergency Response System at Menteng Mitra Afia Hospital based on fire management, protection systems (active and passive), and rescue facilities. This research method is descriptive qualitative with an evaluative approach through observation, interviews and checklist sheets. The results of this study are in accordance with applicable standards, namely Permen PU No. 26 / PRT / M / 2008, Permen PU RI No. 20 / PRT / M / 2009, Perda DKI No. 8 of 2008. The results of the study show that the variables of the active protection system are detectors, sprinklers, hydrants, and variables of rescue facilities are means of escape according to Permen PU No. 26/PRT/M/2008, DKI Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2008, the results show that it has not met the applicable standards. Suggestions are for Menteng Mitra Afia Hospital, Central Jakarta, to schedule periodic inspections, maintenance, and feasibility tests of the protection system, fire simulation training, provide water reservoirs, water pumps, and have K3 officers participate in fire K3 training activities.
creator: Nada Sal Sabila
creator: Inggit Meliana Anggarini
creator: Budi Santosa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nada Sal Sabila, Inggit Meliana Anggarini, Budi Santosa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-03
publication date: 2025-10-03
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 269
ending page: 284
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3031

Factors Associated with Work Fatigue (Burnout) Among Employees in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of JEC Eye Hospital Menteng Jakarta in 2025
type: item
description: Hospitals are complex health care organizations with high demands on various fronts. Burnout is a syndrome caused by chronic work stress characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased self-accomplishment. This phenomenon is often experienced by healthcare workers, including OPD employees of eye hospitals. To determine the factors associated with work fatigue (burnout) in OPD employees of JEC Eye Hospital Menteng Jakarta in 2025. This research method uses a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was a total population of 58 OPD employees of JEC Eye Hospital Menteng. Data were collected through the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire, workload, work shift, length of service, and social support. Analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately with the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). Results: A total of 58.6% of respondents experienced high category burnout. There was a significant relationship between work period and burnout (p=0.042; OR=3.949), work shift with burnout (p=0.000; OR=16.250), workload with burnout (p=0.000; OR=29.133), and social support with burnout (p=0.000; OR=6.333). Heavy workload was the most dominant factor. Conclusion: Factors related to burnout in OPD employees of JEC Eye Hospital Menteng were workload, work shift, work period, and social support. Heavy workload was the most dominant factor. The World Health Organization (WHO) through ICD-11 has classified burnout as a work-related phenomenon.
creator: Brigitta Dewinta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Brigitta Dewinta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-13
publication date: 2025-10-13
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 285
ending page: 292
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.2999

The Influence of Leaflet Media on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior in Correct Cable Arrangement among Employees of the Health Directorate of PT APLN Jakarta
type: item
description: Occupational safety and health (OHS) is a critical global issue that deserves serious attention. One often overlooked but potentially devastating cause of accidents is the use of improper electrical installations, including substandard wiring. Improper cable arrangement poses risks of fire and workplace accidents. Leaflets as an educational medium are considered effective in improving employees’ understanding of proper cable management. This study aimed to analyze the effect of leaflet intervention on employees’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices at PT APLN. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted involving 89 respondents selected through total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires before and after the intervention and analyzed with the McNemar test. Results showed significant improvements: good knowledge increased from 18.0% to 97.8%, positive attitudes from 10.1% to 97.8%, and proper practices from 19.1% to 98.9%. The McNemar test yielded p = 0.000 (<0.05) for all variables, indicating a significant effect of leaflet use. Thus, leaflets proved effective in enhancing knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cable arrangement. Continuous education through various media and routine supervision are recommended to sustain long-term behavioral change.
creator: Siti Nadhiroh
creator: Desi Rusmiati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Nadhiroh, Desi Rusmiati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-16
publication date: 2025-10-16
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 293
ending page: 300
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3060

The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Symptoms of Occupational Skin Diseases in Civil Servant Workers in East Jakarta Administrative City in 2025
type: item
description: Skin Disease Symptoms Are Signs Or Changes That Appear On The Skin That Indicate A Specific Health Problem Or Condition, Such As Itching, Rashes, Dry Skin, Or Redness. The Prevalence Of Skin Disease In Indonesia Ranges From 4.60% To 12.95%, Making It The Third Most Common Of The Ten Common Diseases. This Study Was Quantitative With A Cross-Sectional Design. The Sample Size Was 146 Ppsu Officers In The East Jakarta City Administration, Selected Using A Simple Random Sampling Technique. Data Collection Was Conducted From June To August 2025. The Dependent Variable Was Skin Disease Symptoms, While The Independent Variables Included The Use Of Personal Protective Equipment (Ppe), Skin Hygiene, And Hand, Foot, And Nail Hygiene. Data Were Analyzed Using Univariate And Bivariate Analyses With The Chi-Square Test. The Results Showed No Association Between Ppe Use And Skin Disease Symptoms (P-Value 0.217 > 0.05). However, There Was A Significant Relationship Between Skin Hygiene And Skin Disease Symptoms (P-Value 0.034 < 0.05), As Well As Between Hand, Foot, And Nail Hygiene And Skin Disease Symptoms (P-Value 0.000 < 0.05) Among Ppsu Officers In The East Jakarta City Administration. Therefore, Ppsu Officers Are Expected To Improve Personal Hygiene By Regularly Maintaining Clean Skin, Hands, Feet, And Nails, And Continuing To Use Complete Ppe To Reduce The Risk Of Developing Work-Related Skin Diseases.
creator: Syafa Rachma Dhani
creator: Petrus Geroda Beda Ama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dhani Syafa, Petrus Geroda Beda Ama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-10-16
publication date: 2025-10-16
volume: 1
number: 1
starting page: 301
ending page: 311
doi: 10.37012/jrik.v1i1.3017