Strengthening Nursing Students' Occupational Health and Safety Competencies through a HIRARC-Based Proactive Program in Health Service Risk Management

Abstract

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is crucial in vocational health education, yet its application in vocational nursing schools remains partial. SMK Keperawatan Bina Medika Jakarta provides adequate facilities but lacks a risk management system based on Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) and an incident reporting culture. This community service program aimed to improve student knowledge, establish a digital incident reporting system, and institutionalize an OHS culture within the school. The program employed educational, participatory, and institutional strengthening approaches through five stages: preparation, hazard identification, counseling, technology implementation, and institutionalization. Results included a HIRARC document identifying 14 hazards (6 high, 5 medium, 3 low), an increase in student knowledge scores (from 58 to 84), and a digital reporting system via website and QR code. The previously inactive School Health Unit (UKS) was revitalized with first aid kits, a digital sphygmomanometer, and hygiene facilities. The program also produced three simulation videos, educational media, one national publication, and three intellectual property rights (IPR). The program effectively enhanced student capacity, strengthened school institutions, and fostered a sustainable safety culture, aligning with SDGs (Goals 3, 4, 8) and university performance indicators (IKU).